Ultra high-net-worth individual
Ultra-high-net-worth individuals(UHNWI) are defined as having a net worth of at least US$30 million in constant 2018 dollars.[1][2] It is the wealth segment above very-high-net-worth individuals (>$5 million) and high-net-worth-individuals (>$1 million). Although they constitute only 0.003% of the world’s population (less than 1 in 33,000), they hold 13% of the world's total wealth.[3] By 2017 there were 226,450 individuals designated as UHNWI representing an increase of 3.5% with their combined total wealth increasing to $27 trillion.[4]
Definitions and ranking
Ultra high-net-worth individuals are defined as having a net worth of at least US$30 million in investable assets net of liabilities (after deducting residential and passion investments such as art, planes, yachts and real estate). At last count, there were 211,275 UHNW individuals in the world, with a total combined net worth of US$29.7 trillion.[5][6] Billionaires are a special category of UHNW individuals, having net worth in excess of US$1 billion. According to the Billionaire Census 2014, there were 2,325 billionaires in the world, with a combined net worth of US$7.3 trillion.[7] In 2014, these individuals represented just over 1% of the world's UHNW population and 24% of the world's UHNW total wealth. The June 27, 2017 "World Ultra Wealth Report" analysed the state of the world’s ultra high net worth (UHNW) population, or those with $30m or more in net worth. The number of UHNW individuals globally grew 3.5% to 226,450 individuals. Their combined total wealth increased by 1.5% to $27 trillion.[4]
Reports
The "World Ultra Wealth Report", on ultra high net worth (UHNW) populations—those with "$30m or more in net worth", which was published on June 27, 2017, "this year revealed global growth of 3.5% to 226,450 individuals and a 1.5% increase of their total combined wealth to $27 trillion."[4]
World Ultra Wealth Report
The World Ultra Wealth Report 2013 was co-published by Wealth-X and UBS. The fifth edition of the report was published in June 27, 2017.[4] Previous World Ultra Wealth Reports were published independently by Wealth-X, in 2011 and 2012 respectively.
UHNW distribution by wealth tier[8]
Boston Consulting Group Global Wealth Report
The Global Wealth Report,[9] which Boston Consulting Group (BCG) published in June 2014 in Washington, D.C., shows that liquid wealth of the super-rich, the Ultra-High-Net-Worth Households, had increased by 20% in 2013. BCG uses a household definition of UHNW which places only those with more than $100 million liquid financial wealth into the UHNW-category, more than the usual $30 million, with which the ultra-category had been created in 2007. According to BCG, about 15,000 households globally belong in this group of the super-rich. They control 5.5% of global financial wealth. 5,000 of them live in the US, followed by China, Britain and Germany. BCG expects the trend toward more concentrated wealth to continue unabated. While financial wealth of the sub-millionaires is expected to increase by 3.7% annually until 2019, the expected growth rate for the super-rich is 9.1%. The share of this group in global financial wealth would thus increase to 6.5% by 2019.[10]
UHNW characteristics
By 2013, 65% of the world's UHNW population was self-made, as opposed to 19% who had inherited their fortune and 16% who had inherited and grown their wealth. These proportions change dramatically by gender. In the 2013 report, it was revealed that only 12% of the world's UHNW population is female, and of these, only 33% are self-made, as opposed to 70% of male UHNW.[11]According to the same 2013 report, twenty-two percent of self-made UHNW individuals have derived their wealth from the finance, banking and investment. Almost 15% of individuals with inherited wealth are engaged in non-profit and social organisations.[12]
Asia's growth is expected to continue,[13]and this change in demographics has significant impact on the various organizations that specifically target UHNW individuals, such as luxury companies, financial institutions, charities and universities.
Billionaire Census
The Billionaire Census is a co-publication of Wealth-X and UBS.
In 2013 for example, the average net worth of the world's billionaire is US$3 billion, with a liquidity on average of 18% of net worth.[15] 60% of the world's billionaires are self-made, 20% have inherited their fortune and 20% have both inherited and grown their wealth. 18% of the world's billionaires have derived their wealth from finance, banking and investment; as opposed to 9% from industrial conglomerates and 7% from the real estate industry.[15] The average billionaire is 62 years old, and 89% of the world's billionaires are male. Approximately 68% of them have a bachelor's degree or higher levels of education.[15]
UHNWI role in economies: luxury industry and UHNW individuals as consumers
UHNW individuals are of crucial importance not only to the finance, banking and investment industry, but also to luxury companies who target UHNW individuals, charities, universities and schools amongst others.[citation needed] UHNW individuals are notable players in the field of philanthropy; many of them have their own private foundations and support a variety of causes, from education to poverty relief.
Financial institutions are known for their targeting of UHNW individuals, having specific parts of their bank designed to manage the wealth of their UHNW clients.[2] In addition, research on the UHNW is particularly important with upcoming intergenerational wealth transfers in the UHNW population.[16]For example, luxury companies typically target UHNW as a separate segment of their clientele. Projected growth in UHNW population in Asia may hold promise for the future of the luxury industry.[17] In fact, even despite wide report on the luxury industry's troubled year with China's luxury spenders, luxury industry experts continue to be optimistic for their long-term performance, especially from UHNW individuals.[18] In the real estate sector, UHNW individuals are particularly relevant, with the total UHNW population's real estate holdings accounting for over US$5 trillion, or 3% of the world's real estate holdings. This is a huge proportion considering this population is only 0.003% of the world's population.[19]
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